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Sid Palmer

29029 Snowbasin #1

20th August, 2022
USA
Utah
Completed
Hiking - 48km
15°C
, Mild
33hrs
more race details

Sid's headline numbers

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~35
g
Carb per hour
Recommended 30g/h
~329
ml
Fluid per hour
Recommended 250-750ml/h
~1,224
mg
Sodium per litre
Recommended 800-1200mg/L
~15.5
mg
Caffeine per kg
Recommended 3-6mg/kg

Sid's strategy

Fueling

Carbohydrate is the main fuel you burn when racing. Failing to fuel properly is a leading cause of underperformance in longer races.

No Carb-rich meal
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A carb rich meal (low in fat & fibre) ~1-4 hours before would help Sid start optimally fueled
Didn't pre-fuel
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Sid would benefit from taking in a final dose of carb <30 minutes before
Carb per hour
Recommended 30g/h
~35
g
Sid's Energy Rating
7
/10
"My energy levels were quite consistent other than lows during the late night hikes."
Our thoughts

Sid didn’t consume the recommended 1-4g/kg of carbohydrate in the 1-4 hours before the event or the final top up of 30g of carbs within 30 minutes of the event start. He did undergo a structured carb-load in the days leading up to the event to increase his glycogen stores though, which would have helped him on the mountain. Across his 13 ascents of Snowbasin, Sid relied primarily on real foods including energy bars, granola, crisps and noodles. This is common for events of this extreme duration and lower relative intensity when fats can provide the majority of fuel instead of carbs. Sid listened to his body, eating what he was craving and what he knew he could tolerate. Going forward, he could simplify his plan to allow him to more closely monitor what he’s consuming.

Hydration

Taking on board an appropriate amount of fluid and sodium is essential to maintaining blood volume and supporting the cardiovascular effort needed to perform on race day.

Whilst the absolute amount of sodium and fluid consumed per hour is important, it’s critical to consider these in relation to each other. This is known as 'relative sodium concentration' and it’s expressed in milligrams per litre (mg/L). How much sodium you’re taking in per litre of fluid is more important than the absolute amount taken in per hour.

Sid983mg/L
Sid has been Sweat Tested to dial in his hydration plan

Sweat sodium concentration (mg/L) is largely genetically determined and remains relatively stable. Knowing how salty your sweat is enables you to replace a good proportion of your sweat losses, which can range from 200-2,000mg/L.

Whilst Sid’s losses are on the moderate side, getting his hydration strategy right is still important if he wants to perform at his best.

Learn more
Pre-loaded electrolytes
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T - 60mins: Drank ~500ml of strong electrolyte drink
Fluid per hour
Recommended 250-750ml/h
~329
ml
Sodium per litre
Recommended 800-1200mg/L
~1,224
mg
Sid's Hydration Rating
7
/10
"I drank as much as I felt I needed, trying to adapt as the weather changed throughout the event."
Our thoughts

Being aware of his low sweat rate at this intensity from some sweat rate testing whilst training for 29029 allowed Sid to tailor his fluid consumption to his individual needs. He drank to thirst from his one litre (~32oz) hydration pack but adapted what he was drinking based on the temperature, which ranged from 8-27°C (46-81°F). Sid also replaced a good enough proportion of his sweat sodium losses using PH 1000, PH 1500 and PF Carb & Electrolyte Drink Mix. Though we’d recommend that he mixes these as directed to maintain the intended relative sodium concentration in the future, he likely took on enough overall across the event on top of the sodium he got from real food to maintain his electrolyte balance.

Caffeine

Beyond the Three Levers of Performance (carb, sodium and fluid), caffeine is one of only a few substances that is proven to improve performance for most endurance athletes as it can help stave off mental and physical fatigue.

Pre-caffeinated
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T - 0-4hrs: Had a final hit of caffeine
Caffeine per kg
Recommended 3-6mg/kg
~15.5
mg
Our thoughts

Sid followed an increasingly common caffeine strategy by delaying his first intake until later in the event when he needed the boost in perceived energy levels the most, especially through the night when his body’s circadian rhythm would have been promoting sleep. Once he started supplementing with caffeine, Sid used caffeinated drink mixes and chews to provide further doses of the stimulant. Although his intake exceeded the recommended 3-6mg/kg, these guidelines are based on exercise lasting ~3-5 hours so it is understandable that his total dose more than doubled those standard guidelines. Further, considering his high caffeine tolerance, Sid knew that he could cope with this high intake.

How Sid hit his numbers

Here's everything that Sid ate and drank on the day...

Sid's weapons of choice

Final thoughts

Sid's Satisfaction Rating
8
/10
I’m very happy with myself and my performance. In future, I think I’d like to have a more structured fuel and hydration plan to make sure I take enough fuel and electrolytes on board throughout.
Sid
Sid managed his fuel and hydration well during the extended duration of this epic challenge. He listened to his body to keep his energy levels up and dehydration at bay allowing him to claim the coveted ‘red cap’.
PF&H

Sid's full stats

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Overall
1146g total carb
35g per hour
10,870ml total fluid
329ml per hour
13,307mg total sodium
403mg per hour
1,224mg
Sodium per litre
1025mg total caffeine
15.5mg per kg

Data Confidence
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We rate each of our case studies from 1-5 based on the level of accuracy, and our confidence in the data.
1
2
3
4
5

There is low confidence in the accuracy of the numbers reported. The intake reflects a rough guide to what an athlete consumed but quantities volumes or specific brands might be unknown. It is a loose insight into what the athlete did but the room for error is high-to-very high. This level of confidence most likely reflects the nature of the event (for example an ultramarathon 24 hour or multi-stage event).

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