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Jonny Tye

Unbound Gravel 100

31st May, 2025
USA
Emporia, Kansas
Top 50, M30-34
Cycling, Gravel - 174.6km
23°C
, Hot
5hrs 56mins
more race details

Jonny's headline numbers

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?
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~127
g
Carb per hour
Recommended 90g/h+
~908
ml
Fluid per hour
Recommended 750-1,250ml/h
~1,037
mg
Sodium per litre
Recommended 1100-1500mg/L
~4.9
mg
Caffeine per kg
Recommended 3-6mg/kg
Image Credits: @precisionfandh

Jonny's strategy

Fueling

Carbohydrate is the main fuel you burn when racing. Failing to fuel properly is a leading cause of underperformance in longer races.

Carb-rich meal
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T - 1-4hrs: Ate a carb rich meal (Low in fat & fibre)
pre-fueled
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T - 15mins: Took in a final dose of carb
Carb per hour
Recommended 90g/h+
~127
g
Jonny's Energy Rating
10
/10
"I had very good energy all day. There were bad patches but it wasn’t energy related, it was just the struggle at times. After the race, I finished and cognitively felt pretty good. Didn’t have a dip. Couldn’t really have been any better!"
Our thoughts

Jonny completed his 2025 BHAG at Unbound, taking on his annual brutal endurance challenge, this time in the heat of Emporia, Kansas. He rode with his PF&H teammates Jack and Jonny G for most of the 108 mile course, which helped keep his motivation and morale high even when his legs started to moan. His carb intake was very high, the highest out of our Unbound 100 riders on the day, exceeding the general hourly guidelines by almost 40% on average across the race. He did this by executing a well-planned ‘decoupled’ approach, made up of PF 300 Flow Gel in his Top Tube Flask, alongside four equally spaced PF 30 Caffeine Gels. This helped him ‘drip-feed’ his fuel regularly, which our Sports Scientist, Tash, recently wrote a blog on and determined to be one of the most optimal dosing patterns for maintaining intragastric pressure and limiting gut discomfort compared to larger, less frequent doses.

Hydration

Taking on board an appropriate amount of fluid and sodium is essential to maintaining blood volume and supporting the cardiovascular effort needed to perform on race day.

Whilst the absolute amount of sodium and fluid consumed per hour is important, it’s critical to consider these in relation to each other. This is known as 'relative sodium concentration' and it’s expressed in milligrams per litre (mg/L). How much sodium you’re taking in per litre of fluid is more important than the absolute amount taken in per hour.

Jonny1310mg/L
Jonny has been Sweat Tested to dial in his hydration plan

Sweat sodium concentration (mg/L) is largely genetically determined and remains relatively stable. Knowing how salty your sweat is enables you to replace a good proportion of your sweat losses, which can range from 200-2,000mg/L.

Given Jonny’s losses are High (1,310mg/L), nailing his hydration strategy becomes especially crucial when it’s hot and/or humid.

Learn more
Pre-loaded electrolytes
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T - 60mins: Drank ~500ml of strong electrolyte drink
Fluid per hour
Recommended 750-1,250ml/h
~908
ml
Sodium per litre
Recommended 1100-1500mg/L
~1,037
mg
Jonny's Hydration Rating
9
/10
"Not a perfect 10/10, mainly because I could have drunk a little more in the first half but it wasn’t that hot so I was happy with it."
Our thoughts

Jonny knew the consequences his team would impose on him for improper hydration back at HQ, and needless to say got his strategy dialed ahead of this race, and executed it close to perfectly. His sweat rate has previously been measured to be very high (>1.5L per hour), so he prioritised getting plenty of fluids from his hydration vest and 1L (32oz) water bottles on his frame. Getting through ~5.5L of drinks in as many hours is no mean feat. But, if his sweat rate was anywhere near as predicted (>1.5L/h) given the intensity (average HR 76% max) and temperatures (max 30℃) on race day, it’s likely he still finished the race ~4.5% dehydrated, which may reflect his suffering in the final hour.

Caffeine

Beyond the Three Levers of Performance (carb, sodium and fluid), caffeine is one of only a few substances that is proven to improve performance for most endurance athletes as it can help stave off mental and physical fatigue.

Pre-caffeinated
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T - 0-4hrs: Had a final hit of caffeine
Caffeine per kg
Recommended 3-6mg/kg
~4.9
mg
Our thoughts

Increased focus and attention is a key benefit from taking an appropriate dose of caffeine during endurance sports. In a race like Unbound, paying attention to changes in group dynamics whilst spotting potholes or tight corners on course are also vital for staying upright or in touch with the competition. Jonny mentioned feeling ‘completely cognisant’ when he crossed the finish line, and it was just his legs which were betraying him (😂). This may have been a result of his proactive fueling and optimal dosing of C₈H₁₀N₄O₂ (caffeine for short), with an intake falling bang in the middle of the recommended dose for someone of his body weight, another well-thought-out part of his nutrition plan.

How Jonny hit his numbers

Here's everything that Jonny ate and drank on the day...

Jonny's weapons of choice

Final thoughts

Jonny's Satisfaction Rating
9
/10
I’m super satisfied. I couldn’t have had a better day for a number of reasons. No mechanicals, no crashes and a really good time with Jack and Jonny G. I paced myself well, worked with the groups really well, did what I needed to do and really enjoyed it!
Jonny
Jonny ticked off his 2025 BHAG in style by crushing his first ever bike race in Kansas. He balanced his fluids separately from his carbs which allowed him the freedom to maintain his caloric intake, despite a reduced thirst response in the early parts. Going forwards, getting ahead of his inevitable dehydration may have helped make the final part of the race less uncomfortable, but he still crossed the finish line content with his efforts.
PF&H

Jonny's full stats

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Overall
755g total carb
127g per hour
5,388ml total fluid
908ml per hour
5,588mg total sodium
942mg per hour
1,037mg
Sodium per litre
370mg total caffeine
4.9mg per kg

Data Confidence
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We rate each of our case studies from 1-5 based on the level of accuracy, and our confidence in the data.
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2
3
4
5

There is good confidence in the accuracy of the data reported. An athlete feels that the numbers closely reflect what they consumed despite a couple of estimations which may carry some degree of error. The majority of what was consumed is recorded to a high level of specificity (most volumes are known through the use of bottles brands quantities flavours). The numbers are very plausible and align with previous data recordings (if an athlete has collected data previously).

Jonny's recent case studies

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