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Robyn Cassidy

Dragon's Back Race

4th September, 2023
Wales
Conwy
1st
Running, Ultra - 380km
21°C
, Hot and Humid
56hrs 46mins
more race details

Robyn's headline numbers

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?
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~57
g
Carb per hour
Recommended 60g/h
~544
ml
Fluid per hour
Recommended 250-750ml/h
~606
mg
Sodium per litre
Recommended 300-700mg/L
~9.7
mg
Caffeine per kg
Recommended 3-6mg/kg
Image Credits: No Limits Photography

Robyn's strategy

Fueling

Carbohydrate is the main fuel you burn when racing. Failing to fuel properly is a leading cause of underperformance in longer races.

Carb-loaded
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T - 1-4hrs: Ate a carb rich meal (Low in fat & fibre)
Didn't pre-fuel
?
Robyn would benefit from taking in a final dose of carb <30 minutes before
Carb per hour
Recommended 60g/h
~57
g
Robyn's Energy Rating
7
/10
"As expected, some days were better than others. I had good energy on days 1 and 2, and then again most of day 5. I noticed from day 3 onwards that if I was late with a gel then the energy drop was a lot quicker, so I tried to be disciplined with my gel consumption timings."
Our thoughts

Although we often see athletes taking on a greater amount of ‘real food’ during ultra events, Robyn was working at a relatively high intensity across six days in the Welsh countryside, so chose to primarily use gels as she found them much easier to tolerate. Due to the multi-day format of this race, Robyn was able to refuel between stages with high-carb foods such as pasta and rice. On the days she felt her energy levels were highest, Robyn did well to hit over 60g of carb per hour with no GI issues; taking on ~62g/h, ~60g/h and ~65g/h on days one, two and five respectively. Robyn’s lowest carb intake came on day three where she averaged ~50g/h, by taking on a similar amount of carb to other days but over this longer stage (70km / 43.5 miles) which dropped her hourly average. In future multi-day races, Robyn should plan to adjust her fuel strategy for the longer stages, but overall her intake didn’t dip too drastically and she was able to average ~57g per hour across her six-day moving time.

Hydration

Taking on board an appropriate amount of fluid and sodium is essential to maintaining blood volume and supporting the cardiovascular effort needed to perform on race day.

Whilst the absolute amount of sodium and fluid consumed per hour is important, it’s critical to consider these in relation to each other. This is known as 'relative sodium concentration' and it’s expressed in milligrams per litre (mg/L). How much sodium you’re taking in per litre of fluid is more important than the absolute amount taken in per hour.

Robyn573mg/L
Robyn has been Sweat Tested to dial in her hydration plan

Sweat sodium concentration (mg/L) is largely genetically determined and remains relatively stable. Knowing how salty your sweat is enables you to replace a good proportion of your sweat losses, which can range from 200-2,000mg/L.

Whilst Robyn’s losses are on the low side, getting her hydration strategy right is still crucial when it’s hot and/or humid as her higher sweat rate in these conditions can result in significant net losses over the duration of a race.

Learn more
Pre-loaded electrolytes
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T - 60mins: Drank ~500ml of strong electrolyte drink
Fluid per hour
Recommended 250-750ml/h
~544
ml
Sodium per litre
Recommended 300-700mg/L
~606
mg
Robyn's Hydration Rating
8
/10
"I found using the mixture of one bottle for PH 1000, a bottle of PF Carb & Electrolyte Drink Mix, and then water for my third bottle or a bladder worked really well. I always aimed to finish bottles before getting into checkpoints and there were no points where I couldn’t tolerate drinking."
Our thoughts

In her first multi-day ultra race, Robyn preloaded and rehydrated effectively each day using PH 1500 to make sure she caught up on the deficit of a day's sweat losses and started each stage optimally hydrated. Robyn predominantly used three 500ml bottles, two of which always contained a relative sodium concentration of 1,000mg/L, each stage which she consistently refilled at checkpoints. Due to temperature highs of 26ºC / 79ºF, designated timeouts were also implemented at checkpoints. So, Robyn made the most of these periods to cool and take on additional fluids to effectively keep up with her sweat losses throughout. To achieve this successfully, she undertook sweat rate data collection and a Sweat Test in the lead up to the event, this uncovered her sweat losses to be up to 1L per hour at race intensity in warm conditions and a sweat sodium concentration of 573mg/L. Using this data, Robyn planned her intake accordingly to avoid too big a deficit each stage and any performance decline as a result.

Caffeine

Beyond the Three Levers of Performance (carb, sodium and fluid), caffeine is one of only a few substances that is proven to improve performance for most endurance athletes as it can help stave off mental and physical fatigue.

Didn't pre-load caffeine
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Consuming caffeine in the hours before the start may have increased perceived energy levels
Caffeine per kg
Recommended 3-6mg/kg
~9.7
mg
Our thoughts

Despite Robyn’s total caffeine intake being over the recommended range, she fell short of the caffeine guidelines by solely using small amounts of coke during the first four stages. In comparison, Robyn utilised caffeine effectively on days five and six by taking on a couple of caffeine gels in addition to some coke to hit over 3mg/kg of bodyweight. To maximise the benefits of caffeine across all stages and help to reduce her perceived ratings of exertion, Robyn could look to implement a more consistent caffeine intake.

How Robyn hit her numbers

Here's everything that Robyn ate and drank on the day...

Robyn's weapons of choice

Final thoughts

Robyn's Satisfaction Rating
10
/10
Overall the race was incredible! Super tough but such an experience and unforgettable week. I’m really happy with my hydration and fueling, especially in the super hot conditions (considering I’d done all my recess in the Welsh rain and clag).
Robyn
Finishing 3rd overall and being the 1st female across the line, Robyn excelled in the uncharacteristically warm Welsh conditions throughout each stage of the Dragon’s Back Race. From working with Robyn pre-race, it was excellent to see her implement a well structured plan to aid her fantastic performance.
PF&H

Robyn's full stats

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Overall
3257g total carb
57g per hour
30,860ml total fluid
544ml per hour
18,696mg total sodium
329mg per hour
606mg
Sodium per litre
581mg total caffeine
9.7mg per kg

Data Confidence
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We rate each of our case studies from 1-5 based on the level of accuracy, and our confidence in the data.
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2
3
4
5

There is good confidence in the accuracy of the data reported. An athlete feels that the numbers closely reflect what they consumed despite a couple of estimations which may carry some degree of error. The majority of what was consumed is recorded to a high level of specificity (most volumes are known through the use of bottles brands quantities flavours). The numbers are very plausible and align with previous data recordings (if an athlete has collected data previously).

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