
John Borstelmann
Leadville Trail 100 MTB
John's headline numbers
John's strategy
Fueling
Carbohydrate is the main fuel you burn when racing. Failing to fuel properly is a leading cause of underperformance in longer races.
John was disciplined in the 48 hours prior to the race and focused on carb loading effectively to ensure his muscle glycogen stores were at maximal capacity ahead of time. Similar to his previous effort at Leadville 100 MTB 2023, John was able to tolerate over 90g/h of carb, averaging a new high with an ~18% increase of carb per hour! Between his consistent use of carbs in both training and racing, and his commitment to gut training, he suffered no GI discomfort despite this high intake. John relied on several PF 30 Gels, PF Carb & Electrolyte Drink Mix and chews to fuel, plus a few on-course gels to supplement. Given his consistent intake, it’s likely his issues with energy levels were a result of the demanding conditions of racing such a tough course at a high altitude, where the lower pressure in the atmosphere makes it harder for your body to extract oxygen. John may want to consider getting to the venue earlier in the future to give him more time and training to adapt to the demands of altitude.
Hydration
Taking on board an appropriate amount of fluid and sodium is essential to maintaining blood volume and supporting the cardiovascular effort needed to perform on race day.
Whilst the absolute amount of sodium and fluid consumed per hour is important, it’s critical to consider these in relation to each other. This is known as 'relative sodium concentration' and it’s expressed in milligrams per litre (mg/L). How much sodium you’re taking in per litre of fluid is more important than the absolute amount taken in per hour.
Sweat sodium concentration (mg/L) is largely genetically determined and remains relatively stable. Knowing how salty your sweat is enables you to replace a good proportion of your sweat losses, which can range from 200-2,000mg/L.
Given John’s losses are High (1,310mg/L), nailing his hydration strategy remains important, even when it’s Mild.
Learn moreJohn pre-loaded on the morning of the race with PH 1500 and drank extra electrolytes in the days leading up to it to help boost his blood plasma volume and toe the start line as hydrated as possible. John’s fluid intake across the race was within the recommendations considering the distance and intensity, likely adequately replacing his sweat losses in the mild conditions. He peed a couple of times, suggesting he was taking on enough fluid to mitigate against the risks of significant dehydration. By using PF Carb & Electrolyte Drink Mix in his fluids and additional electrolytes, he stayed comfortably in line with his high relative sodium concentration needs. This no doubt contributed to preventing cramping and ensuring he stayed hydrated across the demanding race.
Caffeine
Beyond the Three Levers of Performance (carb, sodium and fluid), caffeine is one of only a few substances that is proven to improve performance for most endurance athletes as it can help stave off mental and physical fatigue.
John’s intake fell on the upper end of the scientific recommendations for caffeine doses during exercise, but was still appropriate for his tolerance and normal use of the stimulant. To reach these doses, he pre-caffeinated in the morning with a couple of strong cups of coffee with his breakfast, and then relied on PF 30 Caffeine Gels interspersed throughout the race. Despite suffering from some energy-related issues, it’s unlikely that a lack of caffeine was the culprit, and while he could have tried delaying a couple of PF 30 Caffeine Gels until later on during the race where his energy levels diminished significantly, altitude was most likely the factor at play.
How John hit his numbers
Here's everything that John ate and drank on the day...
John's weapons of choice
Final thoughts
John's full stats
Data Confidence?
There is an adequate level of accuracy in the data collected and the numbers reported. The athlete manages to recall what they ate and drank including most specifics (brands flavours quantities plausible estimations of volumes). However there are estimations made within the data which affect the overall confidence level in the data reported.