James Phillips
ÖTILLÖ Swimrun World Championships
James' headline numbers
James' strategy
Fueling
Carbohydrate is the main fuel you burn when racing. Failing to fuel properly is a leading cause of underperformance in longer races.
James woke up at 4am to allow himself time to consume and digest a carb-rich meal before his first 75km swimrun. This topped up his glycogen stores going into an event with 46 transitions between swimming and running, providing a logistical challenge for fueling. James used a variety of gels and real foods to take on ~46g/h. While this is significantly below the 90g/h recommendations for an event of this intensity and duration, the prolonged periods of swimming where fueling isn’t possible make high carb numbers more difficult to reach. James is aware that he underfueled and would have benefitted from taking on more carbs to help him push harder for longer, saying he would carry more gels with him next time to be more self-sufficient.
Hydration
Taking on board an appropriate amount of fluid and sodium is essential to maintaining blood volume and supporting the cardiovascular effort needed to perform on race day.
Whilst the absolute amount of sodium and fluid consumed per hour is important, it’s critical to consider these in relation to each other. This is known as 'relative sodium concentration' and it’s expressed in milligrams per litre (mg/L). How much sodium you’re taking in per litre of fluid is more important than the absolute amount taken in per hour.
Sweat sodium concentration (mg/L) is largely genetically determined and remains relatively stable. Knowing how salty your sweat is enables you to replace a good proportion of your sweat losses, which can range from 200-2,000mg/L.
Given James’s losses are Very High (1,650mg/L), nailing his hydration strategy becomes especially crucial when it’s hot and/or humid.
Learn moreJames has conducted sweat rate testing in a variety of conditions and so he knew that even though it was mild in Stockholm for race day, he still would still have a very high sweat rate especially being in a wetsuit for the whole race. This, combined with his very high sweat sodium concentration, meant he needed to be proactive in replacing his individual losses. James used 1.25L of PH 1500 (Tablets) and 8 Electrolyte Capsules to replace his sodium losses, and also drank 3.2L of plain water which brought his relative sodium concentration down to ~1289mg/L. Over the long duration of this event the mismatch between his sodium and fluid losses and what he was replacing built up. His pre/post-weights showed he exceeded the levels of dehydration the body can tolerate by accumulating a ~4.9% decrease in bodyweight, and likely led to the mild cramping he experienced in his forearms. In future, James would benefit from relying on a greater proportion of PH 1500 instead of plain water throughout the race.
Caffeine
Beyond the Three Levers of Performance (carb, sodium and fluid), caffeine is one of only a few substances that is proven to improve performance for most endurance athletes as it can help stave off mental and physical fatigue.
James’ caffeine intake was just below the 3-6mg/kg recommended dose for an event of this duration. He had two coffees with breakfast to give him a boost to begin the race with but since he only consumed two caffeinated gels during the 9 hours of racing, his intake didn’t maximise the ergogenic performance effects that the stimulant can provide.
How James hit his numbers
Here's everything that James ate and drank on the day...
James' weapons of choice
Final thoughts
James' full stats
Data Confidence?
There is an adequate level of accuracy in the data collected and the numbers reported. The athlete manages to recall what they ate and drank including most specifics (brands flavours quantities plausible estimations of volumes). However there are estimations made within the data which affect the overall confidence level in the data reported.