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Eric LiPuma

Pro

CCC by UTMB

1st September, 2023
France
Courmayeur
17th
strava
Running, Ultra - 100km
24°C
, Hot
11hrs 45mins
more race details

Eric's headline numbers

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~84
g
Carb per hour
Recommended 90g/h+
~722
ml
Fluid per hour
Recommended 750-1,250ml/h
~1,000
mg
Sodium per litre
Recommended 800-1200mg/L
~6.1
mg
Caffeine per kg
Recommended 3-6mg/kg

Eric's strategy

Fueling

Carbohydrate is the main fuel you burn when racing. Failing to fuel properly is a leading cause of underperformance in longer races.

Didn't carb-load
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A carb rich mean (low in fat & fibre) ~1-4 hours before would help Eric start optimally fueled
Didn't pre-fuel
?
Eric would benefit from taking in a final dose of carb <30 minutes before
Carb per hour
Recommended 90g/h+
~84
g
Eric's Energy Rating
10
/10
"My energy levels felt good throughout and I finished strongly, passing around 17 people during the final quarter of the race."
Our thoughts

Eric utilised his crew at all three assistance permitted checkpoints, so he didn’t have to carry all of his fuel from the start. He picked up and used a mixture of PF 30 Gels, PF 90 Gels and PF Carb & Electrolyte Drink Mix from each of the checkpoints. This allowed him to switch to easier to consume products on the more technical terrain, when he had limited use of his hands due to using poles.

Hydration

Taking on board an appropriate amount of fluid and sodium is essential to maintaining blood volume and supporting the cardiovascular effort needed to perform on race day.

Whilst the absolute amount of sodium and fluid consumed per hour is important, it’s critical to consider these in relation to each other. This is known as 'relative sodium concentration' and it’s expressed in milligrams per litre (mg/L). How much sodium you’re taking in per litre of fluid is more important than the absolute amount taken in per hour.

Eric1044mg/L
Eric has been Sweat Tested to dial in his hydration plan

Sweat sodium concentration (mg/L) is largely genetically determined and remains relatively stable. Knowing how salty your sweat is enables you to replace a good proportion of your sweat losses, which can range from 200-2,000mg/L.

Whilst Eric’s losses are on the moderate side, getting his hydration strategy right is still crucial when it’s hot and/or humid as his higher sweat rate in these conditions can result in significant net losses over the duration of a race.

Learn more
Didn't pre-load electrolytes
?
Drinking a strong electrolyte drink before the race could have helped Eric start optimally hydrated
Fluid per hour
Recommended 750-1,250ml/h
~722
ml
Sodium per litre
Recommended 800-1200mg/L
~1,000
mg
Eric's Hydration Rating
6
/10
"I cramped up pretty bad early on during the race, I don’t think I drank enough within the first 5 hours."
Our thoughts

The race day weather conditions were slightly warmer than they had been in the days prior and Eric felt that he didn’t drink enough early on to combat his higher sweat losses, which may have contributed to the muscle cramps he suffered. Eric realised this, and increased his fluid intake from ~500ml to over ~1L per hour which helped alleviate some of his cramp symptoms. Once Eric was able to get control of his cramps, he closed strongly in the back half of the race to finish 17th at his debut CCC. Moving forwards, Eric may want to consider doing some sweat rate testing to help get a handle on his fluid requirements in different conditions.

Caffeine

Beyond the Three Levers of Performance (carb, sodium and fluid), caffeine is one of only a few substances that is proven to improve performance for most endurance athletes as it can help stave off mental and physical fatigue.

Didn't pre-load caffeine
?
Consuming caffeine in the hours before the start may have increased perceived energy levels
Caffeine per kg
Recommended 3-6mg/kg
~6.1
mg
Our thoughts

Eric decided to mainly save caffeine as a performance boost for later in the race. He took one PF 30 Caffeine Gel ~15 min before each ascent on the final three long climbs that he faced after Champex-Lac. Eric also took one PF 30 Caffeine Gel earlier in the race, so he would require a smaller dose during his second hit to reach the optimal 3-6 mg of caffeine per kg (1.4-2.7mg per lb) of body weight that the science states is optimal for performance.

How Eric hit his numbers

Here's everything that Eric ate and drank on the day...

Eric's weapons of choice

Final thoughts

Eric's Satisfaction Rating
7
/10
I feel like there were lots of positives to come out of this race and I’m happy with my position all things considered. I can’t wait to be back in Europe next year to put together the race performance I know I can.
Eric
Eric showed his class to finish strongly and take 17th place in a world-class CCC field after struggling with cramps early on in the race. Eric will work closely with the Sports Science team at PF&H to refine his hydration strategy for future races, specifically looking at sweat rate testing.
PF&H

Eric's full stats

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Overall
990g total carb
84g per hour
8,500ml total fluid
722ml per hour
8,500mg total sodium
722mg per hour
1,000mg
Sodium per litre
400mg total caffeine
6.1mg per kg

Data Confidence
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We rate each of our case studies from 1-5 based on the level of accuracy, and our confidence in the data.
1
2
3
4
5

There is some confidence in the quantities and brands of products consumed but the data may lack specifics (e.g. volumes specific flavours). A high number of estimations have been made and the room for error is moderate-high. There may also be the possibility that some intake has been grossly over- or under-estimated.

Eric's recent case studies

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