Sarah Crowley
IRONMAN® Western Australia
Sarah's headline numbers
Sarah's strategy
Fueling
Carbohydrate is the main fuel you burn when racing. Failing to fuel properly is a leading cause of underperformance in longer races.
Sarah toed the start line with full glycogen stores thanks to a high-carb diet in the days leading up to the race, capped off with a solid carb-rich breakfast to top up her liver glycogen levels. Typically, we recommend consuming simple carbohydrates, like from a PF 30 Caffeine Gel, 15-20 minutes before the start of the swim to boost blood glucose and help conserve glycogen stores for later in the race. While Sarah opted not to implement this strategy this time, it could be beneficial in future races. Throughout the race, Sarah relied on PF 30 Gels and a whole host of on-course nutrition, but fell slightly short of the recommended 90g of carb per hour, consuming less than she did at both IRONMAN® Cairns and Australia, where she also claimed victory. She attributed this shortfall partly to flavour fatigue - a common issue among elite athletes who maintain such high volumes of sports nutrition. However, Sarah felt she wasn’t significantly challenged by her competitors in this race, allowing her to manage with a somewhat lower fuel intake as she wasn’t pushing her performance limits.
Hydration
Taking on board an appropriate amount of fluid and sodium is essential to maintaining blood volume and supporting the cardiovascular effort needed to perform on race day.
Whilst the absolute amount of sodium and fluid consumed per hour is important, it’s critical to consider these in relation to each other. This is known as 'relative sodium concentration' and it’s expressed in milligrams per litre (mg/L). How much sodium you’re taking in per litre of fluid is more important than the absolute amount taken in per hour.
Sweat sodium concentration (mg/L) is largely genetically determined and remains relatively stable. Knowing how salty your sweat is enables you to replace a good proportion of your sweat losses, which can range from 200-2,000mg/L.
Whilst Sarah’s losses are on the low side, getting her hydration strategy right is still crucial when it’s hot and/or humid as her higher sweat rate in these conditions can result in significant net losses over the duration of a race.
Learn moreWith her low sweat sodium concentration and relatively low sweat rate, Sarah typically drinks much less than some of her competitors while still performing exceptionally well. Although she managed to avoid any hydration-related issues during the race, she felt slightly dehydrated afterwards, which she puts down to the extremely windy conditions, which made it challenging and somewhat risky to grab extra fluids from aid stations. Sarah’s bottles consumed a slightly higher relative sodium concentration than in her earlier-season races, likely due to missing out on additional water which would have diluted the sodium concentration. Fortunately, the dehydration she experienced didn’t significantly impact her performance, as the human body can generally tolerate 2-4% dehydration during endurance events before performance suffers.
Caffeine
Beyond the Three Levers of Performance (carb, sodium and fluid), caffeine is one of only a few substances that is proven to improve performance for most endurance athletes as it can help stave off mental and physical fatigue.
Sarah used a well-planned caffeine strategy, drip feeding caffeinated gels throughout the bike and run to ensure consistent energy levels. Her intake exceeded the recommended 3-6 mg/kg, but since she experienced no negative side effects, she was likely maximising the stimulant's ergogenic benefits.
How Sarah hit her numbers
Here's everything that Sarah ate and drank on the day...
Sarah's weapons of choice
Final thoughts
Sarah's full stats
Data Confidence?
There is an adequate level of accuracy in the data collected and the numbers reported. The athlete manages to recall what they ate and drank including most specifics (brands flavours quantities plausible estimations of volumes). However there are estimations made within the data which affect the overall confidence level in the data reported.