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Sam Skinner

The Cheviot Goat

6th December, 2025
England
Northumberland
1st
Running, Ultra - 95km
6°C
, Cold
11hrs 54mins
more race details

Sam's headline numbers

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~132
g
Carb per hour
Recommended 90g/h+
~352
ml
Fluid per hour
Recommended 250-750ml/h
~818
mg
Sodium per litre
Recommended 600-1000mg/L
~11.2
mg
Caffeine per kg
Recommended 3-6mg/kg
Image Credits: @clorroe_cam

Sam's strategy

Fueling

Carbohydrate is the main fuel you burn when racing. Failing to fuel properly is a leading cause of underperformance in longer races.

Carb-rich meal
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T - 1-4hrs: Ate a carb rich meal (Low in fat & fibre)
pre-fueled
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T - 15mins: Took in a final dose of carb
Carb per hour
Recommended 90g/h+
~132
g
Sam's Energy Rating
9
/10
"I was really strict with myself and it paid off. My energy felt a lot higher than it has before and I didn’t have any gut issues."
Our thoughts

Sam executed a simple but militant fueling strategy to take the win at The Cheviot Goat winter ultra race. He went into the event with 12 pre-made Flow Flask 120s packing 120g of carbohydrate from PF 300 Flow Gel in each. He consumed one of these every hour for the 12 hours he was racing with only 50g left in his final flask! This is an incredible example of disciplined fueling and it supported his energy levels to push hard right through to the finish. At the mile 25 bag drop, Sam consumed two rice pudding pots to incorporate some real food and different flavours; he also picked up a litre of cola which delivered additional carbs and a bit of caffeine. Consuming such a high carb intake with no GI issues is a testament to Sam’s gut training and while intakes over 90g/h aren’t suitable for every athlete, it certainly supported Sam’s high intensity effort all the way to victory.

Hydration

Taking on board an appropriate amount of fluid and sodium is essential to maintaining blood volume and supporting the cardiovascular effort needed to perform on race day.

Whilst the absolute amount of sodium and fluid consumed per hour is important, it’s critical to consider these in relation to each other. This is known as 'relative sodium concentration' and it’s expressed in milligrams per litre (mg/L). How much sodium you’re taking in per litre of fluid is more important than the absolute amount taken in per hour.

Sam819mg/L
Sam has been Sweat Tested to dial in his hydration plan

Sweat sodium concentration (mg/L) is largely genetically determined and remains relatively stable. Knowing how salty your sweat is enables you to replace a good proportion of your sweat losses, which can range from 200-2,000mg/L.

Whilst Sam’s losses are on the moderate side, getting his hydration strategy right is still important if he wants to perform at his best.

Learn more
Didn't pre-load electrolytes
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Drinking a strong electrolyte drink before the race could have helped Sam start optimally hydrated
Fluid per hour
Recommended 250-750ml/h
~352
ml
Sodium per litre
Recommended 600-1000mg/L
~818
mg
Sam's Hydration Rating
7
/10
"At mile 45 my leg locked with cramp so I wanted to avoid that happening again; luckily, taking two electrolyte capsules helped relieve it."
Our thoughts

While Sam’s hydration numbers overall were on target and appropriate for the race, there is still room to optimise this part of his strategy further. Sam could preload more effectively ahead of future ultras to aid water retention and increase blood plasma volume, such as by having three Electrolyte Capsules or one tablet of PH 1500 with 500ml of water the night before and morning of the race. Sam’s fluid consumption fell within the recommended intake for the cool conditions but he reported feeling thirsty and running out of water at times. Therefore, he should undergo some sweat rate testing to gain a better understanding of what he needs to replace a greater proportion of his fluid losses and avoid accumulating excessive dehydration. Sam’s use of Electrolyte Capsules resulted in an almost perfect replacement of his individual sodium losses; to maintain this if he increases his fluid intake in future races, he needs to increase the number of capsules he consumes to keep his sodium and fluid balanced, aligning with his sweat sodium concentration.

Caffeine

Beyond the Three Levers of Performance (carb, sodium and fluid), caffeine is one of only a few substances that is proven to improve performance for most endurance athletes as it can help stave off mental and physical fatigue.

Pre-caffeinated
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T - 0-4hrs: Had a final hit of caffeine
Caffeine per kg
Recommended 3-6mg/kg
~11.2
mg
Our thoughts

Sam delayed his first caffeine intake until halfway through the race when he began to use berry flavoured caffeine tablets in his PF 300 Flow Gel to provide him with six 100mg doses and help to prevent flavour fatigue. These caffeine doses will have helped to reduce his perception of fatigue into the latter stages of the race and increase his concentration as it got dark. In future, Sam could consider having a higher first dose of the stimulant so his blood caffeine level would rise into the 3-6mg/kg sweet spot faster so he can reap the benefits from the stimulant for longer.

How Sam hit his numbers

Here's everything that Sam ate and drank on the day...

Sam's weapons of choice

Final thoughts

Sam's Satisfaction Rating
9
/10
I kept to the script in terms of fueling and electrolyte consumption and consequently it was my best performance to date. With a few more tweaks, we can build on this performance again!
Sam
Consuming ~132g/h for 12 hours is a pretty stellar feat and to do it with pretty much just one product is even more impressive. Sam smashed this race, taking a well deserved victory, and as he said, we can’t wait to see what he achieves next with an even more optimised strategy!
PF&H

Sam's full stats

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Overall
1574g total carb
132g per hour
4,194ml total fluid
352ml per hour
3,430mg total sodium
288mg per hour
818mg
Sodium per litre
797mg total caffeine
11.2mg per kg

Data Confidence
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We rate each of our case studies from 1-5 based on the level of accuracy, and our confidence in the data.
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2
3
4
5

There is good confidence in the accuracy of the data reported. An athlete feels that the numbers closely reflect what they consumed despite a couple of estimations which may carry some degree of error. The majority of what was consumed is recorded to a high level of specificity (most volumes are known through the use of bottles brands quantities flavours). The numbers are very plausible and align with previous data recordings (if an athlete has collected data previously).

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